iindaba

Kwimakethi yoshishino lwe-elektroniki, imfuno yeziqhagamshelo ze-elektroniki iphezulu, indlela ethe tye ukuya phezulu, ehambelana ngokusondeleyo neempawu zoyilo lweziqhagamshelo ezikumgangatho ophezulu ngokwazo.Ke zeziphi iimpawu ezibalaseleyo zoyilo lodibaniso olukumgangatho ophezulu?

Ngokubanzi, izihlanganisi ezikumgangatho ophezulu zineempawu zoyilo ezisixhenxe, ezi zilandelayo:

I-1, iziqhagamshelo ezisemgangathweni zineempawu zokulahlekelwa okuphantsi kokufaka.

I-2, isinxibelelanisi somgangatho olungileyo sineempawu zokulahleka okuphezulu kokubuya (ukubonakalisa ujongano oluphantsi).

I-3, isinxibelelanisi esisemgangathweni sineempawu zofakelo olulula.

I-4, izihlanganisi ezisemgangathweni zineempawu zexabiso eliphantsi.

I-5, isinxibelelanisi somgangatho olungileyo sineempawu zokuthembeka okuphezulu.

I-6, isinxibelelanisi somgangatho olungileyo sineempawu zokuguquguquka okuqinileyo kokusingqongileyo.

I-7, isinxibelelanisi esisemgangathweni sineempawu zokulula ukusisebenzisa.